保健医疗服务,又称为基本医疗服务(Primary Health Care, PHC)或家庭医疗服务(Family Health Care),是以健康管理与保健医疗、常见病诊疗、慢病管理、专科协同医疗为核心的医疗服务。从事保健医疗服务的医生称为家庭医生。

根据服务的对象和内容不同,保健医疗服务有如下几种类型:

  • 由基本内科医生或全科医生作为家庭医生的保健医疗服务;
  • 由妇产科医生作为家庭医生的保健医疗服务;
  • 由儿科医生作为家庭医生的保健医疗服务;
  • 由眼科医生或眼视光医生提供的保健医疗服务;
  • 由牙科医生提供的牙保健医疗服务。

国内普遍将Primary Health Care (PHC) 解释为“初级卫生保健” ,这是一种根本性的错误和误导,对我国家庭医疗服务体系的建设有很大的破坏作用。

世界卫生组织给出的PHC的定义,抄录如下:

The ultimate goal of primary health care is better health for all. WHO has identified five key elements to achieving that goal:

  • reducing exclusion and social disparities in health (universal coverage reforms);
  • organizing health services around people’s needs and expectations (service delivery reforms);
  • integrating health into all sectors (public policy reforms);
  • pursuing collaborative models of policy dialogue (leadership reforms); and
  • increasing stakeholder participation.

有关PHC的详细概念,请登录世界卫生组织网页查阅。